Social responsibility in finance decision making ( Coca Cola) Essay

Essays on Social responsibility in finance decision making ( Coca Cola) Essay Social responsibility in Coca Cola finance decision making Affiliation: Table of Contents 1.1 Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 1.2 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 1.3 Body†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 1.3.1 Harm to stakeholders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 1.3.2 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 1.3.3 CSR outcomes on Coca Cola stakeholders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 1.3.4 Recommendation to improve the Coca Cola’s CSR†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 1.4 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 1.5 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Abstract Coca Cola is one of the most renowned soft drink MNEs globally. This is as a result of its excellent non-alcoholic drinks as well as its superb advertisements. Little is however known about its active participation in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives not only in the US but all over the world particularly in Africa. It has participated in CSR initiatives mostly dealing with health projects as well as the environment particularly in water sustainability and reducing the carbon emission to the ozone layer. This has mostly been as a result of negative publicity in India and of contributing to the carbon emission. Introduction Coca Cola whose brand has been in existence since majority can remember has been doing great in terms of the profits and marketing of their products. It has however been mum over the CSR activities it participates in majorly because of lack of media exposure that is sought by majority of its competitors in the business. Being on the limelight over the positives it contributes to the world may be a way to ease its negative publicity over the environment as well as depleting the water resources in India issues that still affect it to date. Harm to stakeholders Coca Cola opened up a company in India meant to produce 600 bottles of the soft drink per hour a project that saw them use an initial amount of $24 million simply to set up. What followed after it initiation were the demonstrations by locals about the reduction of their water level from their wells and they blamed the company for this misfortune. They indicated that the company used up a lot of water for its production which reduced the overall water level in their wells and the residents were suffering (AFP, 2014). These individuals are the potential customers and hence they are the most important of the stakeholders for the company. Their demonstrations are an indication of the harm the company has caused them related to the most important resource on earth which is water. There were numerous reports about the water levels in India which had been on the downward trend since 2002 which was way before the company had set up (Chaudhary, 2014). The government was also aware of this but still allowed the company to go ahead with its profit-seeking mission which in the end was only creating more harm than good to the locals so that a company can continue to make its millions of profit. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives The Coca Cola Company has participated in a whole load of CSR initiative and especially in Africa and around the world in general. It contributed over $2.5 million to aid the typhoon victims in a form of relief aid. This is in addition to investing over $ 5 billion in Africa to aid in sustainable growth and facilitating a project known as â€Å"Project Last Mile† that aim to improve the availability of medicines in Africa that were considered life-saving. It has participated in CSR projects concerning water and environment for a long time bow. An example is installing millions of HFC-free coolers all over the world as a way to try and reduce the carbon production which harms the ozone layer. It has also been investing in water campaigns all over the world that encourages school children to drink safe water to protect their health. The reason very few of its CSR initiatives are known is because they do things as silent partners or simply without the attention of the press similarly to what other MNEs do in advertising their CSR initiatives for market exposure. Coca Cola has done a lot especially for Africa and their efforts in CSR have mostly gone unnoticed and unappreciated (Houpt, 2011). CSR outcomes on Coca Cola stakeholders The few CSR initiatives that have landed media attention have generated millions of positive comments all over the world with many people commending the multi-billion dollar company for its initiatives in making the world a better place. What this has done is create more exposure and support for the company by its stakeholders and especially its customers who have increased their purchase and consumption of the Coca Cola products from water to the soft carbonated drinks such as Fanta and Sprite. More stakeholders have sought to increase their shares and investment to the company to ensure its expansion in different countries of the world. This would enable them make more profit in the long runs which is advantageous to them and the company in the long run. More partners have come forward to prolong their partnerships and business deals with the company as a result of the giving back to the society that makes it get positive labels and bring into the limelight the partners as well increasing their businesses as well. The reputation of the organization which keeps on getting tarnished is also improved greatly by such actions towards aiding the community around them (Mullerat, 2010). Recommendation to improve the Coca Cola’s CSR The CSR initiatives for the company have not been recognized by many people. Many are unaware of what Coca Cola does apart from generating extremely creative advertisements and especially during the Christmas period. As discussed above, it has however accomplished a lot in its CSR initiatives but the problem is the visibility of these initiatives. The public relations department of the MNE should seek more media exposure of these initiatives similarly to what other companies do. This is not in a bid to get recognition to gain more profits but rather as a way of exposing their good work towards the environment and other human beings in dire need (Brown, 2011). It is through its exposure that people with need and other environmental groups with excellent proposals can come forward and seek funding, endorsements or partnerships. Conclusion In this way, the Coca Cola Company has the opportunity to assist the community and the globe even much more than it already has done. It will also gain the opportunity to assist in other diverse projects other than just health and environment making it an all rounded organization making a difference to the whole world and not just in provision of excellent and high quality non-alcoholic drinks. References AFP. (2014, June 18th). Indian officials order Coca-Cola plant to close for using too much water. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jun/18/indian-officals-coca-cola-plant- water-mehdiganj Brown, B. (2011). How to Use the Internet to Advertise, Promote, and Market Your Business Or Web Site: With Little Or No Money. London: Atlantic Publishing Company. Chaudhary, A. (2014, October 8th). Farmers Fight Coca-Cola as India’s Groundwater Dries Up. Bloomberg. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10- 08/farmers-fight-coca-cola-as-india-s-groundwater-dries-up Houpt, S. (2011, January 13th). Beyond the bottle: Coke trumpets its green initiatives. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industry- news/marketing/beyond-the-bottle-coke-trumpets-its-green-initiatives/article569182/ Mullerat, R. (2010). International Corporate Social Responsibility: The Role of Corporations in the Economic Order of the 21st Century. New York: Kluwer Law International

The Clash of the Titians Free Essays

The Clash of the Titians The call to Adventure The main character and hero in the film Clash of the Titans is Perseus, his departure is when he becomes forced to set to sea in sea and with nothing but a coffin and his mother, Danae. Soon washing ashore the island of Seriphos, later as Perseus grows older he receives a sign from the gods when he was shifted to the foreign world of Joppa he never new existed. Refusal of the Call Perseus cannot believe he has changed worlds, and suspect’s action. We will write a custom essay sample on The Clash of the Titians or any similar topic only for you Order Now Supernatural Aid] After receiving the acceptance of Godly actions, Perseus gets his share of supernatural aid consisting of a helmet, sword, and shield along with a message from Zeus that they will someday save his life. [Crossing of the First Threshold] Perseus learns of Andromeda and her situation, she cant marry unless her potential husband successfully answers a riddle, and any man who answers the riddle incorrectly is burned crucified in public. He believes he can’t turn back, for he has been on a quest to save the goddess-like princess by the gods. Entering the Belly of a whale] Perseus captures the magical and almighty winged horse Pegasus and follows Princess Andromeda’s spirit on her nightly journey to learn a new riddle from Calibos, a hideous a monster mortal. [Road of Trails] Armed with the answer to the riddle Perseus is nearly killed by Calibos but escapes, losing the helmet in which renders invisible powers within the swamps in the process. Perseus appea rs at the next ceremony where princess Andromeda’s mother asks for anyone to answer the riddle. With no hesitation, Perseus answers the riddle correctly, presenting Calibos severed hand with the answer of a gold ring. Of course he wins Andromeda’s hand in marriage. [Meeting of the Goddess] At the wedding, Queen Cassiopeia compares Andromeda’s beauty to Thetis herself, which angers the Goddess incredibly and gives her an excuse to fulfill her son’s wish the statue of Thetis collapses and its head comes to life, demanding Andromeda as a sacrifice to the Kraken in thirty days, or else Joppa and its people will be destroyed. Temptation] Bubo the owl leads Perseus to the Stygian witches, three blind women who share a single eye. With some effort they tell him the only way to defeat the Kraken is by using the head of another monster. [The ultimate Boon] Zeus tells his Goddess, Athena, to aid Perseus with her owl Bubo as a replacement for his forgotten helmet. Perseus transformed Medusa into a stone statue and cuts her head off with his sword. Perseus can now move forward to get rid of the Kraken. [Return] the hero goes back home he has proven himself worthy. How to cite The Clash of the Titians, Papers

William Shakespeare Essays (1120 words) - William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare On April 26, 1564, John Shakespeare's son, William, was baptized at the Stratford Parish Church. No one knows for certain when his birthday was. (Brown 22) It was thought that young Shakespeare began attending school at the age 7, in Stratford. (Wadsworth 344) Before Shakespeare reached the age of 13, his family endured hardships. Shakespeare's formal schooling ceased. At that time, William may have begun helping his father in the gloving business. (Wright 22) ?There is historical warrant for such an approach. Christian images, of course, pervade Shakespeare's culture, throughout his career he obviously thought in terms of them. If those images are themselves frequently allegorical, and we should consider the extent to which the allegories are incorporated into the living texture of Shakespeare's creations.? (Kirch 18) At a young age Shakespeare may have viewed annual plays and seen traveling artists. These performances possibly ignited a spark that continues to burn. (Wright 20) William Shakespeare was an Englishman who wrote poems and plays. According to many he was labeled as one of ?the greatest dramatists the world has ever known and the finest poets? who wrote in the English language. Shakespeare's work relied mostly on his instincts of nature. His understanding of other people allowed him to fully grasp the quality he wrote of. (Wadsworth 342) John Shakespeare married Mary Arden in 1557. Both the Shakespeare's and the Arden's were farmers, and sold their products to make a living. (Brown 23) Shakespeare had two sisters. Joan died in 1562; Margaret died at infancy. Then in 1566 Gilbert was born. In 1569 a second child named Joan was born; in 1571 came Anne, who died when she was eight year's old. Richard was then born in 1574 followed by Edmund in 1580. (25) William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway at the age of 18. Anne was at least 8 years her husband's senior. The marriage record dates November 27, 1582 in an Episcopal register found in Worchester. (45-46) The custom in Stratford after the eldest son married, was for the new couple to live in the house of the groom's father. In all likelihood, Shakespeare obeyed the customary procedure. (Wright 24) Shakespeare and his wife probably had a good and happy marriage. She gave birth only 6 months after they were legally wed. (Wilson 43) Shakespeare's son named Hamnet was only 11 years old when he died. He also had a daughter named Judith. Judith Shakespeare had 3 sons who died at young ages. Shakespeare's only bloodlines were the descendants of his (second) sister Joan. (Brown 25-26) Between 1585 and 1592, there was no account of a man named William Shakespeare. Typically referred to as the lost years. There were no records of his life. Some scholars believe he was living in London serving as an apprentice. Others believe he retreated and wrote under a fake name. (Wadsworth 345) At about age 20, some people thought young William stole a dear from a wealthy man in order to poach. A crime not tolerated during that period. (Wright 6) Eight years before the death of Shakespeare he wrote 4 new plays. Some scholar's debate, which plays, was his last. Very little was known about him before the age of 28. (Wilson 38) He continued to visit Stratford on occasion. (Wadsworth 347) He bought a house in London where he gradually retired. On April 23, Shakespeare was laid to rest inside the Stratford Parish Church in 1616. Shakespeare was a young 52 when he died. (Wadsworth 347) ?For nearly a century after his death Shakespeare remained more a theme for criticism by the few tha n a subject of adulation by the many.? (Brown, 2) William Kent erected a stone statue of William Shakespeare. The statue is located in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abby. (Wright 8) Shakespeare may not have felt a calling to write when he left Stratford, but he had a lot to learn in the big city of London. (44-45) After Shakespeare went to London, he joined an acting group. He had no experience. He was merely a performer. (43) William Shakespeare was an important part of a troupe called the Lord Chamberlains Men. He eventually became an honored senior member.

Free Essays on American Culture

1) How much can you learn about â€Å"melting pot† ? Why has the USA been called â€Å"melting pot† ? - â€Å"Melting pot† is a place for mixing races, religions, languages, customs, etc. On the another word, â€Å"melting pot† is a place where people from many different countries all over the world come to live in. - The United Sates has often been called â€Å"melting pot† because its citizens are immigrants who came to the USA from many different countries all over the world and become one people with a common culture and a common loyaty. The immigrants come to the USA and bring with them their languages, religions, traditions, customs from their homeland so it is said that the USA is the nation of immigrants. Every immigrant can find his place in the USA because of its varieties of climate, geography, people, culture, languages, religions, personalities and lifestyles. The USA has a greater diversity of racial, ethnic, cultural and religions group than any other nations in the world. 2) What are traditional American values ? How do these values affect the Americans characters ? * What are traditional American values ? There are six basic traditional American values which is grouped in three pairs : 1. Individual freedom and Self - reliance. 2. Equality of opportunity and Competition. 3. Material wealth and Work hard. There is a mutual relation in each pair of values : - For their individual freedom, Americans have to be self-reliant, and on the contrary, because they are self-reliant, they have their individual freedom. - For equality of opportunity, Americans have to accept competition, and on the contrary, because they are ready to accept competition, they have equality of opportunity. - For their material wealth, Americans have to work hard, and because of their working hard, they have their material wealth . * How do those values affect the Americans characters ? - Americans believe that all people maybe not equal i... Free Essays on American Culture Free Essays on American Culture 1) How much can you learn about â€Å"melting pot† ? Why has the USA been called â€Å"melting pot† ? - â€Å"Melting pot† is a place for mixing races, religions, languages, customs, etc. On the another word, â€Å"melting pot† is a place where people from many different countries all over the world come to live in. - The United Sates has often been called â€Å"melting pot† because its citizens are immigrants who came to the USA from many different countries all over the world and become one people with a common culture and a common loyaty. The immigrants come to the USA and bring with them their languages, religions, traditions, customs from their homeland so it is said that the USA is the nation of immigrants. Every immigrant can find his place in the USA because of its varieties of climate, geography, people, culture, languages, religions, personalities and lifestyles. The USA has a greater diversity of racial, ethnic, cultural and religions group than any other nations in the world. 2) What are traditional American values ? How do these values affect the Americans characters ? * What are traditional American values ? There are six basic traditional American values which is grouped in three pairs : 1. Individual freedom and Self - reliance. 2. Equality of opportunity and Competition. 3. Material wealth and Work hard. There is a mutual relation in each pair of values : - For their individual freedom, Americans have to be self-reliant, and on the contrary, because they are self-reliant, they have their individual freedom. - For equality of opportunity, Americans have to accept competition, and on the contrary, because they are ready to accept competition, they have equality of opportunity. - For their material wealth, Americans have to work hard, and because of their working hard, they have their material wealth . * How do those values affect the Americans characters ? - Americans believe that all people maybe not equal i... Free Essays on American Culture â€Å"American Culture† . All the choices we make reveal something about our personality, surrounding and our upbringing influences these choices. The way we speak, dress, the food we eat, the music we listen to tells allot about us and how we came to be. Everywhere we look in America we can see different cultural signs. It’s really amazing how we can tell the difference between an American person, and a non American just by looking at them; and between people from different parts of our own country. I think the most significant cultural sign in modern day America is that this year in the state of California, there were hundreds of political candidates running for the governor of California. It illustrates what kind of country we are and that we like diversity and choice and how in the end decisions will be based on introspection. It shows that we are capable of levity even in the midst of a serious campaign. It speaks to the cultural intelligence that is America. I believe that now in the 21st Century the media is responsible for influencing much of our culture. We are saturated with television advertisement. During television commercial brakes we are bombarded with brand new products that are coming out. One of the reason they do that is because they want people to come and spend money in their stores. The three essays illustrated a common perception of American life. The common theme among them is how we as American’slive to work, and we are always trying to invent something else and come out with something new. Bill Bryson, in his what’s cooking essay wrote Walter Scott saw that all the restaurants were closing down at 8 p.m., he decide to load a wagon with sandwiches and park it outside the offices of the Providence Journal, since he had no competition his business was doing well. Soon after this lunch wagons began appearing all over....

King Pakal of Palenque

King Pakal of Palenque Kinich Jahahb Pakal (Resplendent Shield) was ruler of the Maya city of Palenque from 615 A.D. to his death in 683. He is usually known simply as Pakal or Pakal I to differentiate him from later rulers of that name. When he came to the throne of Palenque, it was an embattled, destroyed city, but during his long and steady reign it became the most powerful city-state in the western Maya lands. When he died, he was buried in a glorious tomb in the Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque: his funeral mask and finely carved sarcophagus lid, priceless pieces of Maya art, are only two of the many wonders found in his crypt. Pakals Lineage Pakal, who ordered the construction of his own tomb, painstakingly detailed his royal lineage and deeds in finely carved glyphs in the Temple of the Inscriptions and elsewhere in Palenque. Pakal was born on March 23, 603; his mother Sak Kuk was of the Palenque royal family, and his father Kan Mo Hix came from a family of lesser nobility. Pakals great-grandmother, Yohl Iknal, ruled Palenque from 583-604. When Yohl Iknal died, her two sons, Ajen Yohl Mat and Janahb Pakal I, shared ruling duties until both died at different times in 612 A.D. Janahb Pakal was the father of Sak Kuk, mother of the future King Pakal. Pakals Chaotic Childhood Young Pakal grew up in difficult times. Before he was even born, Palenque was locked in a struggle with the powerful Kaan dynasty, which was based in Calakmul. In 599, Palenque was attacked by Kaan allies from Santa Elena and the Palenque rulers were forced to flee the city. In 611, the Kaan dynasty attacked Palenque again. This time, the city was destroyed and the leadership once again forced into exile. The Palenque rulers set themselves up at Tortuguero in 612 under the leadership of Ik Muuy Mawaan I, but a breakaway group, led by Pakals parents, returned to Palenque. Pakal himself was crowned by his mothers hand on July 26, 615 A.D. He was barely twelve years old. His parents served as regents to the young king and as trusted advisors until they passed away decades later (his mother in 640 and his father in 642). A Time of Violence Pakal was a steady ruler but his time as king was far from peaceful. The Kaan dynasty had not forgotten about Palenque, and the rival exile faction at Tortuguero made frequent war upon Pakals people as well. On June 1, 644, Bahlam Ajaw, ruler of the rival faction at Tortuguero, ordered an attack on the town of Ux Te Kuh. The town, birthplace of Pakals wife Ix Tzak-bu Ajaw, was allied with Palenque: the lords of Tortuguero would attack the same town a second time in 655. In 649, Tortuguero attacked Moyoop and Coyalcalco, also Palenque allies. In 659, Pakal took the initiative and ordered an invasion of the Kaan allies at Pomona and Santa Elena. The warriors of Palenque were victorious and returned home with the leaders of Pomona and Santa Elena as well as a dignitary of some sort from Piedras Negras, also an ally of Calakmul. The three foreign leaders were ceremoniously sacrificed to the god Kawill. This great victory gave Pakal and his people some breathing room, although his reign w ould never be completely peaceful. He of the Five Houses of the Terraced Building Pakal not only solidified and extended Palenques influence, he also expanded the city itself. Many great buildings were improved, built or begun during Pakals reign. Sometime around 650 A.D., Pakal ordered the expansion of the so-called Palace. He ordered aqueducts (some of which still work) as well as the expansion of buildings A,B,C and E of the palace complex. For this construction he was remembered with the title   He of the Five Houses of the Terraced Building Building E was built as a monument to his forebears and Building C features a hieroglyphic stairway which glorifies the campaign of 659 A.D. and the prisoners which were taken. The so-called Forgotten Temple was built to house the remains of Pakals parents. Pakal also ordered the construction of Temple 13, home of the tomb of the Red Queen, generally believed to be Ix Tzak-bu Ajaw, Pakals wife. Most importantly, Pakal ordered the construction of his own tomb: the Temple of the Inscriptions. Pakals Line In 626 A.D., Pakals soon-to-be wife Ix Tzak-bu Ajaw arrived at Palenque from the city of Ux Te Kuh. Pakal would have several children, including his heir and successor, Kinich Kan Bahlam. His line would rule Palenque for decades until the city was abandoned sometime after 799 A.D., which is the date of the last known inscription at the city. At least two of his descendants adopted the name Pakal as part of their royal titles, indicating the high regard the citizens of Palenque held him even long after his death. Pakals Tomb Pakal died on July 31, 683 and was entombed in the Temple of the Inscriptions. Fortunately, his tomb was never discovered by looters but was instead excavated by archaeologists under the direction of Dr. Alberto Ruz Lhuiller in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Pakals body was entombed deep in the temple, down some stairways which were later sealed off. His burial chamber features nine warrior figures painted on the walls, representing the nine levels of the afterlife. His crypt contains many glyphs describing his line and accomplishments. His great carved stone sarcophagus lid is one of the marvels of Mesoamerican art: it shows Pakal being reborn as the god Unen-Kawill. Inside the crypt were the crumbling remains of Pakals body and many treasures, including Pakals jade funeral mask, another priceless piece of Maya art.    Legacy of King Pakal In a sense, Pakal continued to govern Palenque long after his death. Pakals son Kinich Kan Bahlam ordered his fathers likeness carved into stone tablets as if he were leading certain ceremonies. Pakals grandson Kinich Ahkal Mo Nahb ordered an image of Pakal carved into a throne on Temple Twenty-one of Palenque. To the Maya of Palenque, Pakal was a great leader whose long realm was a time of expansion of tribute and influence, even if it was marked by frequent wars and battles with neighboring city-states. Pakals greatest legacy, however, is undoubtedly to historians. Pakals tomb was a treasure trove about the ancient Maya; archaeologist Eduardo Matos Moctezuma considers it one of the six most important archaeological finds of all time. The many glyphs and in the Temple of the Inscriptions are among the only surviving written records of the Maya. Sources: Bernal Romero, Guillermo. Kinich Jahahb Pakal (Resplandente Escudo Ave-Janahb) (603-683 d.C) Arqueologà ­a Mexicana XIX-110 (July-August 2011) 40-45. Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo. Grandes Hallazgos de la Arqueologà ­a: De la Muerte a la Inmortalidad. Mexico: Tiempo de Memoria Tus Quets, 2013. McKillop, Heather. New York: Norton, 2004.

State Bank of India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

State Bank of India - Essay Example In fact, after five years of deliberations, the chairman reflected bank’s achievements on the attribute of positive attitude regained by leadership thought. This opened up avenues through which the chairman shifted the focus to start aiming at being among the top twenty banks in the world. With such deliberations, the concern is on how the bank has been performing, what contributed to its advancements, the challenges it met along the journey, the opportunities available, its current weaknesses, and the potential it has in order to go to higher horizons. In light with this, the following section will evaluate on the current bank’s situation. This will give an insight and overview of the potential that the bank has in terms of advancing or deteriorating (Samuelson 1980). SBI profile: the primary internal and external influences on State Bank of India One theory that can be put into the context of explaining the primary internal and external influences on state bank is the ory of planed behavior. This theory can be applicable in explaining why, for example, people have a perception the SBI is a good bank. It takes several strategic measures for the internal management of the bank to put incentives that change the view of customers in relation to services offered by the bank. In order for employees to be able to perform well in their duties, they need to have a good attitude towards both the organisation and the customers. In essence, theory of planned behavior argues that, the attitude toward a behavior changes individual behavioral intentions (Ajzen 2007). In this regard, due to good employee incentives offered by the bank, employees are able to have a positive attitude towards the bank, something that results in top performance. In addition, organisation and management theory argues that organisations must understand both internal and external factors in order to succeed in their business. This can be analyzed to be the case in SBI. For example, on his reflection of the journey, in 2011, the chairman admitted that the bank has been the largest commercial bank in India. According to the chairman, this has been a journey full of transformations, which focused on changing its hierarchy, transaction orientation, customer focus, government ownership, and change of technological advancement, which has made it to be a universal bank. After Bhatt took over its leadership, he talked of transforming the leadership of SBI in order to propel it further. By 2010, SBI had doubled its profits and regained market share, something that led to the bank being awarded the ‘achievement award’ for the strongest bank in the Asian pacific region. In this regard, it is apparent that the change of leadership exhibited by Bhatt was very instrumental in taking the bank to new levels (Rust and Zahorik 1993). Therefore, analytically, it can be argued that apart from adopting all necessary technology and other strategies in business, leadership plays an indispensable role in development of any organisation (Yeung, Ging and Ennew 2002). By 2011, SBI was 43rd largest bank in the world taking a capitalization of over $ 36.5 billion in. By that time, SBI had more than 267,000 employees and with 18,000 branches and 25,000 ATMs. In this year, it made profits of $ 2.6 billion. However, the journey of SBI has been a long one since its establishment in 1806. Some years down the line, the bank was granted the right to issue currency; something updated it into the status of a presidency bank. At that time, the bank was partly owned by the government and part by private individuals. One of the parties that have had influence on

Structured essay on a comprehensive Marketing Plan to Promote YHA

Structured on a comprehensive Marketing Plan to Promote YHA Australia using UKs Back Packers as market target - Essay Example Cheaper flights and favourable exchange rates have encouraged the tremendous growth of this market with more than 400 000 backpackers expected to visit Australia in 2002. (Macbeth and Westerhausen, 2003) Backpackers hold special potential for regional Australia. Already, backpackers make up more than half of all international visitors and visitor nights in some parts of regional Australia. Their tendency to roam farther afield than other types of tourists is reflected in the fact that backpackers visited an average 10.6 regions in Australia during 1995-96, compared with 2.7 regions for all visitors. However although backpackers are visiting up to four times more of Australia than other types of tourists, large sections of regional Australia continue to be bypassed altogether The marketing strategy for backpacker tourism is composed of four strategies: promote 'quality' tourism based upon: maximizing income from tourism through a value-volume strategy (i.e. relatively lower growth in arrivals, but targeting higher-spending visitors); reducing seasonality; repositioning Australia's image as a destination, with greater emphasis on experiences linked to the island's environment and cultural heritage, marketing Australia's diverse population as a 'a mosaic of nature and culture, a whole, magical world concentrated in a small, warm and hospitable island in the Mediterranean at the crossroads of three continents, between West and East, that offers a multidimensional, high quality tourist experience. Tourism Australia has been active in this segment for a number of years, and is building on past experience to continue to develop it. Investing in this segment now will provide substantial returns in the future as the backpackers of today are likely to become the returning high-yield target markets of tomorrow. Backpackers area unique tourism segment. Their characteristics are as follows: there is an evident and strong social interaction among backpackers, the existence of backpacker enclaves, the relatively prolonged duration of most backpacker journeys compared to the conventional tourist trips), and the inviting traits of a classic anthropological subject, rites of passage. Parallel with the growth and expansion of the phenomenon itself, research into backpacker tourism has grown dramatically too, and a noteworthy share of that research has been conducted by means of ethnography, while a large share of the remainder display much influence from ethnographic methodology. The autho r has been part and parcel of this development as he, since 1990, in total has conducted more than two years of ethnographic fieldwork among backpackers and has published several papers on the ethnography of backpackers INTRODUCTION 'Travel and tourism is the largest industry in the world, accounting for 11.7 per cent of world GDP, 8 per cent of world export earnings, and 8 per cent of employment. This mobility affects almost everywhere, with the World Tourism Organization publishing tourism statistics for over 180 countries (WTO 2002). Almost no countries are not significant senders and receivers of visitors. Internationally there are over 700 million legal passenger arrivals each year (compared with 25 million in 1950) with a predicted 1 billion by